ABSTRACT
This research study examines the impact of
macroeconomic policy on poverty alleviation in Nigeria for the period 1990 to
2017, using Ordinary Least Square method to ascertain the relationship between macroeconomic
variables and poverty alleviation in Nigeria and the relationship between
macroeconomic policy and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. The study source
secondary data which were collected from reliable sources like Central bank of
Nigerian (CBN) statistical bulletins of various issues. A models were formulated and tested using
ordinary least square analysis where the relationship between the dependent and
independent variables were tested. The reliability of the parameters estimated
for the models were tested using T - statistic and Durbin Watson test of
autocorrelation. It was discovered that poverty alleviation allocations
increased annually. In terms of approaches to poverty alleviation, there is the
need to increase the demand and therefore the prices for those factors of
production that the poor own (e.g their own labour); transfer physical assets
such as land to the poor, providing social services such as education to the
poor and transferring current income to the poor through cash or food
subsidies. All these approaches are aimed at utilized the poor' factor
endowments for improved income earnings and in living standards. However,
instead of the unemployment level to reduce in accordance with our expectation
coupled with increase in level of job creation, the reverse was the case for
both variables. Therefore, further observation and analysis showed that poverty
level escalates year in year out, despite the fact that poverty alleviation
fund allocations are intensified annually.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
to the Study
The
World Bank’s (2019), defines poverty as an unacceptable deprivation in human
well-being that can comprise both physiological and social deprivation. Physiological deprivation involves the
non-fulfillment of basic material or biological needs, including inadequate
nutrition, health, education, and shelter. A person can be considered poor if
he or she is unable to secure the goods and services to meet these basic
material needs. Mai-lafia and Weiping, (2016), “the concept of physiological
deprivation is thus closely related to, but can extend beyond, low monetary income and consumption
levels”. Social deprivation widens the concept of deprivation to include risk,
vulnerability, lack of autonomy, powerlessness, and lack of self-respect, (Barare,
2012). Given that countries’ definitions of deprivation often go beyond
physiological deprivation and sometimes give greater weight to social
deprivation, local populations (including poor communities) should be engaged
in the dialogue that leads to the most appropriate definition of poverty in a
country.
According to Greenwald,
(2015), Poverty is often described as the state or condition of
living in which people have little or no money, assets, or means of support...
2.1 Statement of the Problems
Macroeconomic
stability by itself, however, does not ensure for high rates of economic
growth. In most cases, sustained high
rates of growth also depend upon key structural measures, such as regulatory
reform, privatization, civil service reform, improved governance, trade
liberalization, and banking sector reform, many of which are discussed at
length in this research. There has been an emerging consensus on how to make
actions at the country level, and the support of development partners, more
effective in bringing about sustainable poverty reduction. This consensus
indicates a need for poverty reduction strategies that are: country-driven,
with broad participation of civil society, elected officials, key donors, and
relevant International Finance Institutions; outcome-oriented; and developed
from an understanding of the nature and determinants of poverty...
1.3 Objective
of the Study
The objective of the
study is to examine the impact of Macroeconomic policy on poverty alleviation
in Nigeria. The
study is aims at attaining the following specific objectives;
i) To
examine the impact of macroeconomic policy on poverty alleviation in
Nigeria.
ii) To
examine the level of unemployment rate on poverty reduction in Nigeria.
iii) To
explore the role of government expenditure on alleviating poverty in Nigeria.
iv) To ascertain
the...
1.4 Research
Hypotheses
The study
will be guided by the following hypothesis.
1) Ho: That
there is no significant relationship between poverty alleviation and economic
growth in Nigeria.
Hi: That
there is no significant relationship between poverty alleviation and economic
growth in Nigeria...
2) Ho: That
there is ...
Hi: That
there is no...
1.5 Significance
of the study
Looking at the alarming rate at
which poverty is moving on the economy government attention is highly
desirable, poverty is one of the feature and characteristic of the south (i.e
the less developed countries). Therefore, a more pragmatic policy and measures
should be embarked on in the area of technological development, resources
mobilization for optimal production, high rates of capital formation etc.
This research therefore, stand to address the questions on...
1.6 Scope
of the Study
The scope of the study is limited to the
impact of Macroeconomic policy on poverty alleviation in Nigeria...
1.7 Organization of
the Study
This study is
divided into five chapters.
Chapter one which
comprises of the background to the study, statement of the problem, objective
of the study, Research Hypotheses, significant of the study, scope of the study
and organization of the study.
Chapter two dwells
on the review of related literature.
Chapter three
deals with the theoretical framework and research methodology.
Chapter four deal with the presentation of
data, data analysis and interpretation of results.
Chapter five focuses
on summary, conclusion, and recommendations.
CHAPTER
TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1
Conceptual Issues. - - - - - - - - 9
2.2
Theoretical Literature- - - - - - - 13
2.3 Empirical Literature - - - - - - - 16
2.4 Measurement and Causes of Poverty in Nigeria- - - - 24
2.5 The Links Between Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty
Alleviation in Nigeria. - - - - - - - 30
2.6 Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Poverty
Alleviation in Nigeria - - - - - - - 32
2.7 Policy options for Alleviating Poverty in Nigeria.
- - - 37
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1
Theoretical Framework- - - - - - - 40
3.2
Sources of Data- - - - - - - - 41
3.3
Method of Data Analysis- - - - - - - 42
3.4
Model Specification- - - - - - - - 43
CHAPTER
FOUR
DATA
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
OF
RESULTS
4.1
Data presentation- - - - - - - - - 44
4.2
Data analysis- - - - - - - - 46
4.3
Hypothesis testing - - - - - - - 47
4.4
Interpretation of Results- - - - - - - 49
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
Summary of Findings- - - - - - - - 53
5.2
Conclusion- - - - - - - - - 54
5.3
Recommendations- - - - - - - - 55
Reference- - - - - - - - - 56
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